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⚗
Most Used · AP-42 / API MPMS 19.2
Storage Tank Emission Calculator
Evaporative loss estimates for external and internal floating roof tanks — rim-seal loss factors by seal type, deck-fitting losses, and roof-landing venting, sourced from EPA AP-42 Chapter 7.1 and API MPMS 19.2.
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Your Tools
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🔍 Inspection & Fitness-for-Service (API 653)17 tools▾
🔩
Shell Evaluation (API 653 4.3)
Course-by-course minimum thickness (1-foot or variable design point) with corrosion allowance, pits, allowable liquid level and hydrotest height. Carbon and stainless (Annexes S, X, SC). SI or US.
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📐
Annular Plate Ring (API 653 4.4.6)
Required annular thickness from Table 4.5 (G < 1.0) or API 650 Table 5.1 (G ≥ 1.0), banded or interpolated; the plate in service now and at the next inspection. SI or US.
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🗓️
Inspection Interval (API 653 Section 6)
External, UT and internal inspection intervals: shell courses, Table 6.1 credits, bottom remaining thickness (4.4.5) by area, with an optional extreme-value projection of a sample scan (4.4.5.2), due dates and deferral. SI or US.
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🏠
Roof Evaluation (API 653 4.2)
Addendum 4 (2025): fixed and floating roofs. Roof plate averages against 2.2 mm over 250 mm × 250 mm (4.2.1.2), holes, cracks and through-pitting before the next internal inspection (4.2.3), supports, frangible joint and appurtenances, and what a change of service brings in (4.2.4). SI or US.
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🗓️
OISD-129 Inspection Interval
External and internal inspection intervals per OISD-STD-129 — a distinct standard from the API 653 version above.
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🧯
Foam System Design
Foam chamber count, application rate, and discharge time for fixed-roof and floating roof tanks (NFPA 11).
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🧯
Compressed Air Foam System
Minimum discharge density, duration, and solution demand for CAFS-protected hazards.
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🚢
Marine Deck Foam System
Fixed foam application rates for tanker decks and machinery spaces at jetties and berths (NFPA 11 Ch. 11).
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⚡
Static Electricity Filling Velocity
Product classification and safe filling velocity limits for tank loading (OISD-RP-110).
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🧨
Brittle Fracture (API 653 Section 5)
API 653 5th ed. (Addendum 4, 2025): Figure 5.1 walked from your shell data, with API 650 (2025) Figure 4.1 exemption lines for known steels, the Figure 5.2 curve for unknown steel, membrane stress and step 9 rerating limits.
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📐
Tank Settlement (API 653 Annex B)
API 653 5th ed. (Addendum 4, 2025): 12.5.2 survey points, out-of-plane settlement by cosine curve or settlement arcs, planar tilt, edge settlement from Figures B.11/B.12, bulges and depressions.
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💧
Hydrostatic Test after Repair (API 653 12.3)
Addendum 4 (2025): whether a repaired, altered or reconstructed tank needs a hydrotest (12.3.1, 12.3.4) or meets an exemption (12.3.3: approvals, repair-area stress, shell-to-bottom weld limits), the test level limited by 4.3.3.2, the 24 h hold and the 12.5 settlement survey. Opens the Hydrostatic Test tool in its existing-tank mode.
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🩹
Repair Design Check (API 653 Section 9)
Addendum 4 (2025): replacement plates and door sheets against the Figure 9.1 weld spacing, lapped patches by design (9.3), new shell penetrations (9.9), welded-on bottom patches in and out of the critical zone (9.11), and hot taps (Table 9.1, unknown toughness). Flags major repairs for the hydrotest decision; the tank repair list puts every item on a tank in one register and report.
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🎯
Rim Seal Survey
Walk-around rim-seal gap survey against EPA/CPCB/EN regulatory profiles.
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🌡️
API 575 Similar Service Corrosion
Temperature-adjusted corrosion rate estimation and the similar-service assessment checklist (API RP 575).
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⚠️
API 571 Damage Mechanism Screening
Caustic service chart zone lookup and sulfuric acid corrosion critical-factor screening.
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🪵
Temporary Roof Support
Backup support counts for a landed floating roof during tank cleaning and entry (API RP 2016).
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🔬 NDT Methods (ASTM)4 tools▾
🧲
ASTM E709 Magnetic Particle Field Strength
Empirical magnetizing-current formulas for direct circular, internal conductor, prod, and encircling-coil longitudinal magnetization.
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☢️
ASTM E94 Radiographic Technique Reference
Geometric unsharpness, radiographic equivalence factors for exposure-technique transfer between metals, and typical steel HVL thickness by energy.
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📡
ASTM E164 Ultrasonic Weld Flaw Sizing
6 dB drop method for reflector length and height, plus the 80%/50% screen-height reference levels for DAC standardization.
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💧
ASTM E165 Liquid Penetrant Process Checks
Minimum penetrant/developer dwell times by material and discontinuity type, cold-temperature override, and water-wash rinse parameter limits.
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🧱 Layout & Containment4 tools▾
🧱
Dike Capacity
Secondary containment sizing under NFPA 30, API 2610, OISD-118, and PDVSA methods.
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📏
Tank Spacing
Shell-to-shell and property-line spacing under NFPA 30 and OISD-118.
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📏
NFPA 30 Tank Spacing
Property-line, public-way, and shell-to-shell spacing from the NFPA 30-2024 location tables.
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📊
Capacity Table
Multi-course strapping table generator with deadwood and floating-roof displacement.
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🚒 Fire & Safety7 tools▾
🚒
Fire Water Demand
Cooling and foam water demand under OISD-116 and API RP 2021.
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🚒
OISD-117 Fire Water & Foam
Depot/terminal fire water design flow rate — a distinct methodology from the OISD-116 tool above.
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🧯
Fire Fighting Equipment
Portable extinguisher counts and fire hose length for refineries and processing plants (OISD-116, June 2025).
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💨
NFPA 30 Emergency Venting
Emergency relief venting for fire exposure — NFPA 30's own methodology, distinct from API 2000 above.
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💦
NFPA 13 Sprinkler Design
Density/area design criteria and K-factor sprinkler discharge for terminal ancillary buildings.
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💦
Water Spray Exposure Protection
Fixed water spray rates and nozzle layout for shell cooling, pool fires, and structural steel (NFPA 15).
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⚡
Lightning Protection
Rolling sphere zone of protection, down conductor spacing, and tank earthing/bonding.
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🏗️ New-Tank Design (API 650)20 tools▾
🌡️
Plate Material & Toughness (API 650 Section 4)
2025 edition: every shell plate, insert, annular plate, neck, flange and cover checked for material group, thickness limits, impact testing against Figure 4.1, Table 4.5 Charpy energies and acceptance, Table 4.1 and 4.2.
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🟫
Bottom & Annular Plates (API 650 5.4–5.5)
2025 edition: bottom plates, when annular plates are needed, Table 5.1 thickness and width, shell-to-bottom welds and bottom joint details.
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🔩
Shell Design (API 650 5.6)
2025 edition: new-tank shell course thickness by the 1-foot or variable-design-point method in carbon steel (Table 5.2), austenitic stainless (Annex S) or duplex stainless (Annex X), with minimum and maximum thickness, Annex F head and the Annex M stress above 93°C.
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🔧
Nozzle Reinforcement (API 650 5.7)
2025 edition: area replacement, reinforcing plates and inserts, welds, weld spacing and stress relief for nozzles, manholes and studding outlets; flush-type cleanout fittings and shell connections (5.7.7, 5.7.8).
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💨
Wind Design (API 650 5.9, 5.11)
2025 edition: 5.2.1 k wind pressures, top and intermediate wind girders, overturning stability, sliding and wind anchorage (5.12).
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⚓
Tank Anchorage (API 650 5.12)
2025 edition: net uplift for every Table 5.20 load case, anchor bolts or straps against the allowable stress, number and spacing, bolt size and eccentricity, embedment load and the ringwall counterbalancing weight.
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🌀
External Pressure / Vacuum (API 650 Annex V)
2025 edition: roof under the total roof pressure, roof-to-shell region, shell buckling by the transformed shell for wind plus vacuum and vacuum alone, intermediate and end stiffeners and their welds, and the bottom under vacuum and flooding.
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🧱
Ringwall Foundation (API 650 Annex B)
2025 edition: concrete ringwall proportions, soil bearing for the empty, operating, hydrotest, wind and seismic cases, hoop tension and ring moment, hoop and vertical steel minimums, and counterbalancing weight and E.64 overturning for anchored tanks. Fills from the other tools.
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🛡️
Leak Detection & Grillage (Annex I)
2025 edition: undertank leak detection by arrangement (Figures I.1 – I.7): barrier thickness and permeability, sand cover, perimeter drain count and size, double bottoms, sumps, wells, testing; and tanks on grillage with the I.7.3 spacing, bottom thickness and deflection. SI or US.
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📋
Annex L Data Sheet (API 650)
2025 edition: the Annex L storage tank data sheet filled from the calculations saved for a tank, with the source of every value, cross-tool consistency checks, Tables 1 – 5, an elevation sketch and the printed 8-page sheet.
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🏠
Roof Design & Frangible Roof (API 650 5.10, Annex F)
2025 edition: roof plates under the 5.2.2 loads, rafter spacing, roof-to-shell area, small internal pressure (Pmax, failure pressure) and the 5.10.2.6 frangible criteria.
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📏
Tank Levels & Overfill (API 650 5.2.5, H.5.3)
2025 edition: design liquid level and every limit on it, maximum and net working capacity, floating-roof immersion and clearances, and the API 2350 overfill and minimum operating levels.
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Hydrostatic Test (API 650 7.3.6–7.3.8)
2025 edition: test water level, 7.3.7.6 filling rates and schedule, settlement survey points and reading sets, the 7.3.7.7 limits that stop filling, and test-water rules, with optional OISD-STD-129 staged filling. Existing tanks: API 653 12.3 test or exemption and the 12.5 survey.
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🌋
Seismic Design & Freeboard (API 650 Annex E)
2025 edition: ground motion, base shear and overturning, anchorage, shell compression, dynamic hoop stress, sloshing freeboard, sliding and piping displacements.
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🛟
External Floating Roof (API 650 Annex C)
2025 edition: flotation at the lower of SG and 0.7, 250 mm rainfall, punctured compartments with tilt, unbalanced snow, seal band, legs, drains and fittings for single- and double-deck roofs.
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⚓
Internal Floating Roof (API 650 Annex H)
2025 edition: buoyancy, flotation level, rim freeboard, damaged flotation and support loads worked out from the roof’s own geometry, with circulation vents, seals and hatches.
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🌫️
Floating Roof Venting (API 650 C.3.9, H.5.2)
2025 edition: bleeder and pressure-relieving vents for landed floating roofs while filling and emptying, IFR circulation vents in any 10 m arc and the centre vent with screen losses, and the H.5.3.3 overflow slots.
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🌐
Aluminum Dome Roof (API 650 Annex G)
2025 edition: dome geometry, design pressure from the 5.2.2 (e) load combinations, general buckling, tension ring and support forces, wind uplift, seismic forces, fasteners and physical limits — the API alternative to AWWA D108.
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🔥
Elevated Temperature (API 650 Annex M)
2025 edition: scope by tank type, Table M.1/M.2 yield and modulus reduction, every M.3 modified value, roof and wind-girder adjustments and the M.4 shell-to-bottom cyclic check for tanks at 93–260°C.
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📎
Nozzle Loads (API 650 Annex P)
2025 edition: shell stiffness from Figures P.2a–l, unrestrained shell deflection and rotation, and the allowable radial load and moments on bottom-course openings by the P.2 limit-load method.
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🇮🇳 New-Tank Design (IS 803 / IS 1893)10 tools▾
🇮🇳
IS 803 Shell & Wind Girder
India's own domestic tank design code — shell minimum thickness and unstiffened shell height.
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🇮🇳
IS 803 Vent Sizing
Normal and emergency venting requirements — India's own tables and rate constants (Appendix C).
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🇮🇳
IS 803 Roof Design
Supported and self-supporting cone, dome, and umbrella roof design — India's own values.
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🇮🇳
IS 803 Alternate Shell Design
Higher-stress shell design with stricter radiography/welding requirements (Appendix B).
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🇮🇳
IS 803 Floating Roof
Deck design, circulation venting, and supporting legs for pontoon and covered floating roofs (Appendix D).
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📐
IS 803 Construction, Welding & Testing Checks
Low-temperature toughness, foundation/shell erection tolerances, platform & stairway loads, welding preheat, and hydrotest/pneumatic pressures.
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🩻
IS 803 Radiographic Weld Acceptance
Spot radiograph frequency, weld reinforcement limits, and inclusion/porosity acceptance criteria for the E = 0.85 joint-efficiency route.
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🔩
IS 803 Appurtenances Sizing Reference
Standard dimensions for shell manholes, shell nozzles, roof manholes, roof nozzles, drain pads, and flush-type cleanout fittings.
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🇮🇳
IS 1893 Seismic Parameters
Zone factor, spectral acceleration and design coefficient for Indian sites (IS 1893 Part 1:2016; 2025 for reference).
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🇮🇳
IS 1893 Part 2 Tank Seismic
Design seismic coefficient, convective period, and impulsive base shear for liquid retaining tanks.
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📏 Tank Calibration & Gauging1 tool▾
📡
EODR Tank Calibration
Target point coordinates, minimum point counts, and repeatability tolerances for internal electro-optical tank calibration.
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🇪🇺 EU Standards (EN)6 tools▾
📐
EN 14015 Shell Design
Allowable stress and minimum shell course thickness — fixed E=1.0, 260 N/mm² cap, pressure term built in.
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⚓
EN 14015 Tank Anchorage
Holding-down bolt/strap allowable stress and minimum cross-sectional area, design and hydrotest conditions.
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🔩
EN 14015 Shell Nozzle Reinforcement
Minimum nozzle thickness and area-replacement reinforcement design for shell mountings.
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💨
EN 14015 Wind Girder
Primary ring required section modulus (wind-velocity based) and secondary ring minimum angle sizes.
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🏠
EN 14015 Roof Design
Membrane roof plate thickness — pressure and buckling controlled, take the greater.
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🌍
EN 14015 Seismic Lateral Force Coefficient
Convective lateral force coefficient and sloshing period (Annex G) — feeds the existing seismic freeboard tool.
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💧 AWWA Standards8 tools▾
🔺
AWWA D108 Aluminum Dome Roof
Dome shell buckling allowable load, panel design loads, and fastener combined-stress check.
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🔧
ASTM A193 / A194 Bolting Materials
Chemical/mechanical requirements for A193 bolts across 28 grade bands, A194 nut grades, and a proof-load calculator for matched bolting assemblies.
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🧪
ASTM A262 / G48 Corrosion Testing
Which intergranular-attack practice applies by grade, a corrosion-rate calculator from weight loss, and pitting/crevice test parameters including a CCT starting-temperature estimate.
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📏
OIML R 85 Automatic Level Gauge Checks
Maximum permissible error, discrimination, hysteresis, multi-indicator agreement, accuracy test-level requirements, and the verification schedule for ALGs.
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💨
API 2000 Tank Venting Capacity
Normal venting (liquid movement + thermal) and fire-exposure emergency venting, with the general formula, Table 3A lookup, and environmental factors.
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🔧
AWWA D103 Bolted Tank Shell & Joints
Net-section shell thickness, compressive stress, and complete bolted joint design — first bolted-construction tool in the project.
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🏗️
AWWA D103 Structural & Anchor Bolts
Bolt shear/tension, roof support spacing, steel thickness limits, and foundation anchor bolt allowable tension.
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⭕
AWWA D103 Opening Reinforcement
100% area-replacement reinforcement rule and fitting neck credit for shell openings.
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⚡ Electrical Area Classification6 tools▾
🚧
API RP 505 Tank Area Classification
Zone 0/1/2 extent-of-classification for fixed roof, floating roof, and combustible-liquid tanks.
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🚛
API RP 505 Loading Rack Classification
Zone 0/1/2 for tank car/truck loading — open vs closed systems, dome vs bottom transfer.
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💨
API RP 505 Vents & Marine Terminal
Zone 0/1/2 for process/tank/instrument vents, relief valves, and marine terminal berths.
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⚙️
API RP 505 Process Point Source
Zone 0/1/2 around pumps, valves, flanges — the greater-of-two-distances rule for enclosed sources.
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🎈
API RP 505 Lighter-Than-Air Source
Zone 0/1/2 for compressor shelters and process locations — zones extend upward, not laterally.
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💧
API RP 505 Water Treatment & Cooling
Zone 0/1/2 for oil-water separators, DAF/BIOX units, and process cooling towers.
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🇬🇧 EEMUA Standards1 tool▾
📅
EEMUA 159 Inspection Interval
Inspection frequencies by product group and climate, with heating/insulation and internal-coating adjustments.
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📋 Field Records & Checklists2 tools▾
✅
Construction & Testing Checklists
Nine digital field forms — inspection reports, weld/NDT completion, PWHT, hydro/pneumatic tests, settlement readings — plus API 650 records (annular space, bottom survey, the 8.1.2 / Figure 8.1 shell radiograph count) and API 653 repair formats: examination by kind of repair, the 12.2 radiograph count, reconstructed-tank tolerances.
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📝
EEMUA 159 Tank Inspection Checklist
86-item In-Service and Out-of-Service digital checklists, EEMUA-159-item-referenced, from a real USAF inspection contract.
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🧪 Materials & Corrosion Data12 tools▾
⚗️
Fuel-Material Compatibility (Hansen)
Predict elastomer/plastic swell risk in ethanol-blended fuels using Hansen solubility theory (DOE/ORNL data).
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☣️
NACE MR0175 Sour Service Classification
H₂S partial pressure calculation and SSC environmental severity region lookup for steel selection.
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🔩
Galvanized Steel Coating Classification
Coating grade/mass selection, bend test mandrel sizing, and QC sampling for galvanized sheets and structural steel (IS 277/2629/4759).
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⚙️
Stainless Steel Grade Classification
Chemical/mechanical properties and cross-standard comparison for 304/316/321/347/410/430 across ASTM A240/A276/A479 and IS 6911/6603.
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🏗️
Carbon Steel: A36 / A283 / A516
Thickness-driven chemistry and tensile requirements, test-result compliance check, and cross-standard comparison for carbon steel plate and structural steel.
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🇮🇳
IS 2062 Structural Steel
Chemical composition, product-analysis tolerance, mechanical properties, and bend/Charpy acceptance across all 11 grades and sub-qualities (IS 2062, 2025).
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🌍
EN 10025-2 / ISO 630-2 Structural Steel
Chemical composition, CEV, mechanical properties, and Charpy impact across all grades and qualities, with a cross-standard comparison for API 650 §4.4.1 material qualification.
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🧫
ASTM D471/D5964 Rubber Immersion Test
Reference oil properties, standard test conditions, and IRM-vs-legacy-oil volume swell correlation for elastomers.
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🔬
Elastomer Physical Properties (D412/D395/D624)
Tensile strength/elongation, compression set, tear strength, durometer hardness, and ozone test reference.
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🧵
Coated Fabric Testing (D751/IS 7016-14)
Breaking strength, elongation, bursting/puncture resistance, and low-temperature impact for fabric-reinforced seals.
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🟤
BS 2751 NBR Compound Checker
Grade classification and physical property compliance check for general purpose acrylonitrile-butadiene (NBR) compounds.
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🛏️
Flexible PU Foam Testing (D3574/IS 7888)
Density, compression set, support factor (IFD ratio), and shear fatigue for flexible cellular urethane foam.
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🇮🇳 Environmental & Regulatory Compliance2 tools▾
🏭
India Petrochemical Emission Standards
Chimney/stack, process, fugitive, storage, and loading emission limits for petrochemical plants (MoEF GSR 820(E)/2012).
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⛽
India Refinery Environmental Standards
Effluent, stack/FCC/SRU emissions, LDAR leak detection, and loading standards for petroleum oil refineries.
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API MPMS Chapter 19.2 · Floating Roof Tank
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⚠ Terms of Use & Disclaimer
You must read and accept these terms before using Tank Protocol.

Tank Protocol provides indicative, comparative estimates of routine and non-routine vapor losses from organic liquid storage tanks. It implements the emission estimation equations published in US EPA AP-42, Chapter 7 — Organic Liquid Storage Tanks (September 2025), based on correlations developed and copyrighted by the American Petroleum Institute (API MPMS Chapter 19.2).

Results are intended only to help compare relative emission magnitudes between tanks, configurations, products, and operating scenarios. They are not a substitute for the official EPA TANKS software, a certified emissions calculation, or professional engineering judgment.

You acknowledge the following limitations:

  • The AP-42 equations are approximations derived from empirical data and simplifying assumptions. Emission factors are averages and may not represent any specific tank; actual emissions can differ substantially.
  • Accuracy depends entirely on the quality and completeness of your inputs. Default values, estimated meteorological data, simplified geometry, and assumed liquid properties all introduce uncertainty.
  • The equations do not apply to certain scenarios, including unstable or boiling stocks, deteriorated or permeated seals/fittings, heated or pressurized tanks outside the documented range, flashing service, or mixtures whose vapor pressure cannot be reliably predicted.
  • Some parameters use simplified or default treatments (saturation/wind correction factors, single-component vapor pressure in place of true mixture behaviour under Raoult's Law, and screening-level non-routine assumptions). Speciated, mixture, and partial-year results may differ from a full TANKS analysis.

This tool does not constitute regulatory compliance, permitting, or reporting. Any emissions used for regulatory submissions, permit applications, fee calculations, or compliance demonstrations must be verified using the official EPA TANKS application and applicable regulatory methods, and reviewed by a qualified professional.

The developers make no warranty as to accuracy, fitness for any purpose, or regulatory acceptability, and accept no liability for decisions made on the basis of these estimates. API retains copyright to the underlying emission estimation equations.